| Aadhunik Industries is a manufacturing group company. Aadhunik Industries is pioneer manufacturers of KCl Potassium chloride substitute, Clay stabilizer, Specialty Chemicals, Pharmaceutical Excipients, Food Fragrance & Flavor chemicals in India. It has toll manufacturers and representatives in UAE, Europe, Canada & USA and agents & customers in all countries like USA, Canada, Europe, UAE, South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Egypt, Nigeria, Uganda, Turkey, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Dubai, Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, France, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Korea, Japan, Russia etc. Our services are 24/7 deliveries, including week-end deliveries, wellsite logistics in ISO tanks, logistics & warehousing across the world, sourcing from overseas, manufacturing overseas, quality control, GHS compliance, etc. |
| Aadhunik Industries and/or associated units are FDA-cGMP certified, Halal and/or Kosher certified, REACH registered, ISO-9001, ISO-22000 HACCP certified. We offer crystals granules in precise micron or mesh size as per buyers needs. We supply very high purity standards as per specifications required. |
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KCl Potassium chloride substitute, Clay stabilizer Manufacturers Exporters
SDS, MSDS of KCl Potassium chloride substitute, Clay stabilizer Manufacturers
Using sacks of KCl is a difficult approach, especially with the increased fluid volumes used in fracturing. Handling, mixing and disposal costs related to sacks of KCl are prohibitive. Herein, we will discuss a few potential Clay Stabilizers, compare their performance and economics.
Several options are available as KCl substitute or Clay Stabilizers:
1. TMAC 50% (Tetramethylammonium Chloride 50%): This cheap and easy to apply quat gives a lower performance than that of 2% KCl. However, TMAC is toxic. Hence its use is dwindling
2. Choline Chloride 75%: Also know as (2-hydroxyethyl) trimethylammonium chloride is very similar in structure to TMAC. It costs slightly more than TMAC, and its performance better than that TMAC but lower than that of 2% KCl. Its used in feed additives and vitamin pills, is safe & biodegradable. This is becoming the product of choice in the industry due to its safety features.
3. Choline Chloride 50%: Used in preference to Choline Chloride 75% due to easier handling. On a per unit of Choline the 50% is marginally more expensive; but the added expense is more than recovered in the better handling and dosing performance.
4. Clay Ste Adv™ is a blend of Choline Chloride, Cations and Conditioners. It is cheaper than all of the above, and performs similar to neat Choline Chloride 75% due to presence of various additional ions. The Tetramethylammonium and (2-hydroxyethyl) trimethylammonium are relatively large ions. Also, both these are monovalent. Clay Ste Adv™ contains other smaller sized monovalent, divalent and trivalent ions which help in a faster ion exchange and the conditioners help in preparing the surface of the clay for a better interaction with the cations present.
Comparison of CST Times for various Clay Stabilizers*
| Product | CST Filtration Time in secs |
| Clay Ste ADV™ - 2 gpt | 220 |
| 2% KCl | 205 |
| 50% Choline Chloride - 2 gpt | 307 |
| 50% Choline Chloride - 2.8 gpt | 219 |
| 75% Choline Chloride - 2 gpt | 220 |
| TMAC - 2 gpt | 297 |
| DI Water | 535 |
* Test Method: Solutions of the Clay Stabilizers were prepared in 100 ml DI Water and 10 grams of API Bentonite was added to it. These were mixed in a Waring Blender @ 7 speed for 5 minutes. Using a CST instrument, the time required for each solution to travel a fixed distance along a Whatman No. 17 chromatography filter paper was determined.
Clay Stabilizer STE Adv is extensively used in oil well drilling, fracturing or fracking.
Clay Ste Adv™ is a liquid product designed specifically for use as a replacement for solid potassium chloride (KCl). Clay Ste Adv™ is biodegradable.
Compatibility with brine, calcium chloride, KCl solutions as well as all known fracturing fluids, cross-linkers and breakers.
KCl Potassium chloride substitute, Clay stabilizer manufacturers exporters at:
Aadhunik Industries
Ankleshwar Gujarat & Mumbai, India
TEL: (OFFICE) 91-22-23774610, 23723564.
e-mail: info@aadhunikindustries.com
Copyright and Usual Disclaimer is Applicable. 6-06-2022
Clay Stabilizer, KCl Potassium Chloride Substitute SDS Safety Data Sheet
MSDS Sheet, Material Safety Data Sheet
1. Product Identification
Synonyms: Clay Stabilizer, Clay Sté 75, KCl Substitute, Potassium Chloride Substitute.
CAS No.: Mixture
Molecular Weight: It is a mixture
Intended Use: Oil well fracturing and Industrial use.
2. Hazards Identification
GHS, Globally Harmonized System Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910
Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Acute toxicity, Oral Category 5
Skin irritation Category 2
Eye irritation Category 2A
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Respiratory system Category 3
Labeling according GHS USA & Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
GHS Label Elements Irritant |
Signal Words: Warning
Hazard statements:
H303: May be harmful if swallowed.
H315: Causes skin irritation.
H319: Causes serious eye irritation.
H335: May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statements:
P262: Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P264: Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
P 270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P301+312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with soap and water.
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305+351+338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do – continue rinsing.
P332+313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/ attention.
P360: Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to authorized agents.
Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC:
Symbols: Xi
R Phrases: R36 Irritating to eyes. R22 Harmful if swallowed.
S Phrases: S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
3. Composition/Information on Ingredients
None of the components of this product are hazardous.
Ingredient: : Blend of Choline Chloride and Monovalent, Divalent and TriValent Salts.
Composition/specific chemical identities are withheld as a trade secret under the provisions of OSHA hazard communication standard 29 CFR 1910.1200
4. First Aid Measures
Always seek medical attention after first aid measures are provided. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention.
Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention.
Skin Contact: Wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse.
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.
Note to Physician: Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended.
5. Fire Fighting Measures
Auto-Ignition Temperature: NA.
Flash Points: NA.
Flammable Limits: NA.
Products of Combustion: Not available.
Fire Extinguishing Media: CO2, foam, dry chemicals. NOT RECOMMENDED: Do not use direct water jet on burning material.
Special Information: In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full face piece operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. Containers can build up pressure if exposed to heat (fire). As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus pressure-demand (MSHA/NIOSH approved or equivalent) and full protective gear. Apply alcohol-type foam or all purpose foam manufacturers recommended techniques for large fires. Use carbon dioxide or dry chemical for small fires. Use water spray to keep containers cool.
6. Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill: Avoid breathing mist. Ensure adequate ventilation. Use appropriate tools to put the spilled material in a convenient waste disposal container. Dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Large Spill: Contain spilled material. Cover with an inert, non-combustible, inorganic absorbent material, or sweep up, and remove to an approved disposal container. Do not let the product enter drains. Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container.
7. Handling and Storage
Do not breathe mist. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Do not drink, eat or smoke while handling. Respect good personal hygiene.
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of mist and aerosols. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation. If you feel unwell, seek medical attention.
Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area. Protect against physical damage. Keep away from ignition sources and naked flame.
8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Airborne Exposure Limits: None established.
Ventilation System: A system of local and/or general exhaust is recommended to keep employee exposures as low as possible. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing dispersion of it into the general work area.
Personal Respirators (NIOSH Approved): For conditions of use where exposure to dust or mist is apparent and engineering controls are not feasible, a particulate respirator may be worn. For emergencies or instances where the exposure levels are not known, use a full-face positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator.
Skin Protection: Wear protective gloves and clean body-covering clothing.
Eye Protection: Use chemical safety goggles and/or full face shield where dusting or splashing of solutions is possible. Maintain eye wash fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area.
Other Control Measures: Maintain good housekeeping in work area. Dust deposits on floors and other surfaces may pick up moisture and cause the surfaces to become slippery and present safety hazards. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands after handling.
9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance: Clay Stabilizer is colorless to yellow.
Odor: Characteristic.
Solubility: It is soluble in water.
pH: 5.0 - 9 at 10% solution at 25C (77F)
Density: 1.05 to 1.1 g/cm3
% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 0
Boiling Point: > 212F
Melting Point: <50F.
10. Stability and Reactivity
Stability: It is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Avoid contact with strong acids, alkali or oxidizing agents..
Hazardous Decomposition Products: It emits toxic fumes and carbon monoxide when heated to decomposition. It may form carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride at elevated temperatures.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.
Incompatibilities: Avoid contact with strong acids, alkali or oxidizing agents..
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatibles.
11. Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals: LD50: Not available. LC50: Not available.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Carcinogenic Effects: Not available.
Mutagenic Effects: Not available.
Teratogenic Effects: Not available.
Developmental Toxicity: Not available.
12. Ecological Information
Environmental Fate: Based on available information the product will not bio accumulate.
Environmental Toxicity: The material is not considered as environmental hazard.
13. Disposal Considerations
Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an appropriate and approved waste disposal facility. Processing, use or contamination of this product may change the waste management options. State and local disposal regulations may differ from federal disposal regulations. Dispose of container and unused contents in accordance with federal, state and local requirements. Small amounts of this material may be suitable for sanitary sewer or trash disposal.
14. Transport Information
DOT (USA) & ADR/RID: Not regulated as dangerous goods.
IMDG: Not dangerous goods
IATA: Not dangerous goods
15. Regulatory Information
SARA 313 Components: This material does not contain any chemical components with known CAS numbers that exceed the threshold reporting levels.
16. Other Information
European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives:
H303 = May be harmful if swallowed.
H315 = Causes skin irritation.
H319 = Causes serious eye irritation.
H335 = May cause respiratory irritation.
Xi = Irritant
R22 Harmful if swallowed.
R36 = Irritating to eyes.
DISCLAIMER: The information and recommendations set forth herein (hereinafter "Information") are presented in good faith and believed correct as of the date hereof. It is compiled from various sources and it is not necessarily all inclusive nor fully adequate in every circumstance. In addition, these suggestions should not be confused with nor followed in violation of applicable laws, regulations, rules or insurance requirements applicable. This SDS MSDS sheet is intended only as a guide to the appropriate precautionary handling of the material by a properly trained person using this product. Individuals receiving the information must exercise their independent judgment in determining its appropriateness for a particular purpose.
Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals